which software was the first available for microcomputers quizletis bill bruns still alive

Tailored for online transaction processing, the Tandem-16 is one of the first commercial fault-tolerant computers. Franklin was able to undercut Apple's pricing even while offering some features not available on the original. SWTPC introduces many computer kits based on the Motorola 6800, and later, the 6809. Types of Software used in Business - MBA Knowledge Base _____ account allows changes that affect other users, changes to security settings, installation of software and hardware, and access to all files on the computer. The laser printer was used with PARCs Alto computer, and was commercialized as the Xerox 9700. Tracks on the drum did the mathematical integration. Scelbi aimed the 8H, available both in kit form and fully assembled, at scientific, electronic, and biological applications. For its January issue, hobbyist magazine Popular Electronics runs a cover story of a new computer kit the Altair 8800. Applications that came as part of the package included MacPaint, which made use of the mouse, and MacWrite, which demonstrated WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) word processing. Bruce Artwick - Wikipedia OS/2 will continue to be used in special At the time IBM released the System/360, the company had just made the transition from discrete transistors to integrated circuits, and its major source of revenue began to move from punched card equipment to electronic computer systems. It was based on a graphical user interface using windows, icons, and a mouse, and worked together with other Altos over a local area network. T/F True You can save money on your data plan by using this type of connection whenever possible for connecting to the Internet. The new chip made graphical operating environments for IBM PC and PC-compatible computers practical. Shareware is a software program that is given away by the author for others to use free of charge. The device was considered the earliest non-kit personal computer. Palm Inc., founded by Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins, originally created software for the Casio Zoomer personal data assistant. Apple makes a splash with its Bondi Blue iMac, which sells for about $1,300. Applications were also highly innovative: a WYSISYG word processor known as Bravo, a paint program, a graphics editor, and email for example. Each Cray-1 took a full year to assemble and test and cost about $10 million. The Earth Simulator was listed as the fastest supercomputer in the world from 2002 to 2004. Of the following challenges, which one has not been identified as a challenge for students engaged in blended learning? While the PC Jr. sold poorly, the PC/AT sold in the millions. Quiz 1. 2.4 trillion. Commodores Amiga 1000 is announced with a major event at New York's Lincoln Center featuring celebrities like Andy Warhol and Debbie Harry of the musical group Blondie. At the same press conference, IBM also announced 40 completely new peripherals for the new family. The Control Data Corporation (CDC) 6600 performs up to 3 million instructions per second three times faster than that of its closest competitor, the IBM 7030 supercomputer. What set the 486 apart was its optimized instruction set, with an on-chip unified instruction and data cache and an optional on-chip floating-point unit. To protect it from earthquakes, the building housing it was built using a seismic isolation system that used rubber supports. Its founders were Ken and Stan Olsen, and Harlan Anderson. The LINC is an early and important example of a personal computer, that is, a computer designed for only one user. The Newton line never performed as well as hoped and was discontinued in 1998. False Created almost five years after the original Apple II, Franklin's Ace 1000 main logic board is nearly identical to that in the Apple II+ computer, and other models were later cloned as well. True/False False Mac OS X (now macOS) runs the same kernel used in its predecessor, Mac OS 9. Chapter 1 Flashcards | Quizlet Airline reservation agents working with SABRE. Intended to be a less expensive alternative to the PET, the VIC-20 was highly successful, becoming the first computer to sell more than a million units. From concept to finished system, SCAMP took only six months to develop. Walt Disney Pictures ordered eight of the 200B model to test recording equipment and speaker systems for the 12 specially equipped theatres that showed the movie Fantasia in 1940. In 2012, Apple introduced the Retina display for the MacBook Pro laptop and iPad tablet. Ed de Castro, its main designer and co-founder of Data General, had earlier led the team that created the DEC PDP-8. Using this system, the machine could work faster than any other at the time on a problem that could be parceled out among the many processors. Although manufactured by Remington Rand, the machine was often mistakenly referred to as the IBM Univac." The basic computer cost $28,500. Harkening back to the hobbyist era of personal computing in the 1970s, Arduino begins as a project of the Interaction Design Institute, Ivrea, Italy. This is likely the first example of remote access computing. The TX-0 (Transistor eXperimental - 0) is the first general-purpose programmable computer built with transistors. What characteristic is common to most Personalized Learning Systems (PLS)? Initially designed for internal use by HP employees, co-founder Bill Hewlett issues a challenge to his engineers in 1971: fit all of the features of their desktop scientific calculator into a package small enough for his shirt pocket. The TI 99/4 sold well and led to a series of TI follow-on machines. The Macintosh was the first successful mouse-driven computer with a graphical user interface and was based on the Motorola 68000 microprocessor. This is a list of early microcomputers sold to hobbyists and developers. What have recent studies of online school performance compared with traditional school performance shown? true. The Nest would remember what temperature users preferred by training itself to monitor daily use patterns for a few days then adopting that pattern as its new way of controlling home temperature. Answer early modern period 1700 ad to 1899 ad 16 40,000 were sold, including 10 to NASA for use on the Apollo space project. The system was IBM's response to losing control of the PC market with the rise of widespread copying of the original IBM PC design by clone makers. Inside was a Z80 microprocessor and a built-in BASIC language interpreter. Apples inspiration for the Lisa and Macintosh computers came from the Xerox Alto. Be, founded by former Apple executive Jean Louis Gasse and a number of former Apple, NeXT and SUN employees, releases their only product the BeBox. Lisa is the first commercial personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI). Term. Sold complete with a main logic board, switching power supply, keyboard, case, manual, game paddles, and cassette tape containing the game Breakout, the Apple-II finds popularity far beyond the hobbyist community which made up Apples user community until then. The company called it a connected organizer rather than a PDA to emphasize this ability. Chapter 3: Computer Software Flashcards | Quizlet A series of pulleys transported continuous rolls of punched paper tape containing possible solutions to a particular code. The fastest machine of its day, The Cray-1's speed comes partly from its shape, a "C," which reduces the length of wires and thus the time signals need to travel across them. In 1940, Stibitz demonstrated the CNC at an American Mathematical Society conference held at Dartmouth College. Acorn's ARM RISC microprocessor is first used in the company's Archimedes computer system. The knowledge and technologies developed for the Stretch project played a major role in the design, management, and manufacture of the later IBM System/360--the most successful computer family in IBM history. IBM Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (SSEC). In his book Giant Brains, Berkeley noted - We shall now consider how we can design a very simple machine that will think. Computer Science. Both faced strong competition from the Apple II, Commodore PET, and TRS-80 computers. The trio soon attracted UC Berkeley UNIX guru Bill Joy, who led software development. The first microcomputers (images) - CNET Intel released the 80486 microprocessor and the i860 RISC/coprocessor chip, each of which contained more than 1 million transistors. Microcomputer - Wikipedia Students included future computing pioneers such as Maurice Wilkes, Claude Shannon, David Rees, and Jay Forrester. Microsoft Apps What type of software allows teachers and students in different locations to use it to create, edit, and share documents at the same time over the Internet? Operator at Complex Number Calculator (CNC). It had 32 KB of memory and sold for $8,000. The handbook is complemented by two companion documents: Microcomputers in Transit: A Software Handbook, and Microcomputers in Started in 1943, the ENIAC computing system was built by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering of the University of Pennsylvania. answer choices 20 pin P1 connector 8 pin auxiliary connector 24+4 pin P1 connector It had no operating system, but it did recognize commands entered via a row of switches. The first of David Hilbert's 23 unsolved problems presented at the Paris conference of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900 involved the Continuum Hypothesis. Hundreds of allied bombes were built in order to determine the daily rotor start positions of Enigma cipher machines, which in turn allowed the Allies to decrypt German messages. Originally a Cray XT3 system, the Jaguar is a massively parallel supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, a US science and energy research facility. . B. The notion of storing both data and instructions in memory became known as the stored program concept to distinguish it from earlier methods of instructing a computer. The micro should be an extremely low power device even if this raises the cost of the project. Follow-on versions of the Kindle added further audio-video capabilities. Which of the following is an accepted design criterion for writing and publishing digital documents? Microcomputers are an interesting part of the history of both computing and video games. For easy replacement, designers placed each transistor circuit inside a "bottle," similar to a vacuum tube. Using dual PowerPC 603 CPUs, and featuring a large variety of peripheral ports, the first devices were used for software development. Virginia Tech used more than a thousand PowerMac G5s to create the System X cluster supercomputer, rated #3 in November of that year on the worlds TOP500 fastest computers. The first stored-program computer to be built in continental Europe was the MESM, completed in the Soviet Union in 1950. That same year in Germany, engineer Konrad Zuse built his Z2 computer, also using telephone company relays. MADDIDA is a digital drum-based differential analyzer. These tables were later confirmed by using more modern computers for the actual flights. The first VAIO, a desktop computer, featured an additional 3D interface on top of the Windows 95 operating system as a way of attracting new users. In 1987, the year after Microsoft went public, 31-year-old Gates became the world's youngest billionaire. The NBS also built the Standards Western Automatic Computer (SWAC) at the Institute for Numerical Analysis on the UCLA campus. The basic idea for bombes came from Polish code-breaker Marian Rejewski's 1938 "Bomba.". Answers: Convert data into an electronic machine-readable form for direct entry into a computer system. Mathematician George Stibitz recommends using a relay-based calculator for the project. The Amiga sold for $1,295 (without monitor) and had audio and video capabilities beyond those found in most other personal computers. Computer Chp. 1&2 Flashcards A Brief History of the Microcomputer - TurboFuture It used 53 vacuum tubes and hundreds of germanium diodes, with a magnetic drum for memory. The display also used In Plane Switching (IPS) technology, which allowed for a wider viewing angle and improved color accuracy. You are designing a controller for a toaster oven. Atari's 8-bit computers were influential in the arts, especially in the emerging DemoScene culture of the 1980s and '90s. The computer had to be rugged and fast, with advanced circuit design and reliable packaging able to withstand the forces of a missile launch. Until recently, good microcomputer software for multimedia presentations was not available, but was much in demand by businesses. User interface Chapter 4 Flashcards | Quizlet If a student is creating within Minecraft or Sims, what type of computer programming products are they designing and making? The function of an output device is to: Selected Answer: Convert electronic information produced by the computer system into human-intelligible form for presentation to end-users. The 400 served primarily as a game console, while the 800 was more of a home computer. Curt Herzstark was an Austrian engineer who worked in his familys manufacturing business until he was arrested by the Nazis in 1943. A special version, known as HARVEST, was developed for the US National Security Agency (NSA). Which software was the first available for microcomputers? T/F False Storage on a mobile device is usually an SSD (Solid-state drive). The Consumer Electronics Hall of Fame: Zojirushi Micom Electric Rice It would serve as the model for several other significant multi-processor systems that would be among the fastest in the world. The replica is currently on display at the Computer History Museum. The University of Michigan Micro Mote (M3) is the smallest computer in the world at the time of its completion. When connected to a color television set, the Apple II produced brilliant color graphics for the time. The PowerBook line of computers was discontinued in 2006. The first offering to the public required the buyer to purchase one to be given to a child in the developing world as a condition of acquiring a machine for themselves. Of the following, which is one of the controversies surrounding use of word processing in schools? Colligan, Dubinsky, Hawkins (left to right). The 1401 mainframe, the first in the series, replaces earlier vacuum tube technology with smaller, more reliable transistors. Which kind of software is required to edit a movie from filmed video footage? Once finally completed, it achieved a computational speed of 200 million instructions per second and 1 billion bits per second of I/O transfer via a unique combination of its parallel architecture and the overlapping or "pipelining" structure of its 64 processing elements. Created by Presper Eckert and John Mauchly -- designers of the earlier ENIAC computer -- the Univac 1 used 5,200 vacuum tubes and weighed 29,000 pounds. The MOS 6502 was introduced at a conference in San Francisco at a cost of $25, far less than comparable processors from Intel and Motorola, leading some attendees to believe that the company was perpetrating a hoax. Microsoft founded - HISTORY Simon featured on the November 1950 Scientific American cover, The hobbyist magazine Radio Electronics publishes Edmund Berkeley's design for the Simon 1 relay computer from 1950 to 1951. FoxBase was originally released for the Apple II in 1984, followed by versions for the Commodore 64, IBM PC, and Atari ST. A version for the Macintosh was also released in 1985. Friedl used the SCAMP prototype to gain approval within IBM to promote and develop IBMs 5100 family of computers, including the most successful, the 5150, also known as the IBM Personal Computer (PC), introduced in 1981. After successfully demonstrating a proof-of-concept prototype in 1939, Professor John Vincent Atanasoff receives funds to build a full-scale machine at Iowa State College (now University). What kind of software tool are Notebook and ActivInspire examples of? Computer-enhanced image of IBMs Roadrunner. IBMs first personal computer, the system was designed to run the APL programming language in a compact, briefcase-like enclosure which comprised a keyboard, CRT display, and cassette tape storage. A computer could write it with a laser instead. Built in Sydney, Australia by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research for use in its Radio physics Laboratory in Sydney, CSIRAC was designed by British-born Trevor Pearcey, and used unusual 12-hole paper tape. A driver education teacher might use this kind of software to let students "practice" driving before actually getting in a car. Lenovo became the largest manufacturer of PCs in the world with the acquisition, later also acquiring IBM's server line of computers. The Micral N was the first in the series and was produced by the company R2E. According to an independent computer-industry analyst, the new Regent In 1939, Bell Telephone Laboratories completes this calculator, designed by scientist George Stibitz. Joe Thompson at Whirlwind console, ca. When was the word "computer" first used? 0.5 out of 0.5 points. Updates called _____ contain fixes and enhancements to the operating system. The HP-35 helped HP become one of the most dominant companies in the handheld calculator market for more than two decades. While it did not sell well, the operating system, Be OS, retained a loyal following even after Be stopped producing hardware in 1997 after less than 2,000 machines were produced. Ross contended that a Flexowriter -- an electrically-controlled typewriter -- connected to an MIT computer could function as a keyboard input device due to its low cost and flexibility. Bill Gates and Paul Allen licensed their BASIC programming language interpreter to MITS as the main language for the Altair. It featured a 5-inch display, 64 KB of memory, a modem, and two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives. Announced the year previously at the New York World's Fair the Programma 101 goes on sale. Microcomputer Applications - Quiz 1. What do research studies tend to confirm about online learning? Windows NT was a version of Windows that included a graphical interface on top of a DOS kernel. The 470V/6 was the companys first product and ran the same software as IBM System/370 computers but cost less and was smaller and faster. CS 130.132 - Microcomputer Software The 501 is built on a 'building block' concept which allows it to be highly flexible for many different uses and could simultaneously control up to 63 tape drivesvery useful for large databases of information. The machine was expandable, with ports for cassette storage, serial interface and rudimentary networking. Constructed at MITs Lincoln Laboratory, the TX-0 moved to the MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics, where it hosted some early imaginative tests of programming, including writing a Western movie shown on television, 3-D tic-tac-toe, and a maze in which a mouse found martinis and became increasingly inebriated. The Alto is a groundbreaking computer with wide influence on the computer industry. The 486 chips remained similar in structure to their predecessors, the 386 chips. Its price was especially attractive as the computer included very useful productivity software worth about $1,500 alone. refers to symbols that represent fast objects and ideas. That's not as trivial. Because of its speed, small size, and reasonable cost, the PDP-8 was sold by the thousands to manufacturing plants, small businesses, and scientific laboratories around the world. System/360 was aimed at both business and scientific customers and all models could run the same software, largely without modification. Conceived by Harvard physics professor Howard Aiken, and designed and built by IBM, the Harvard Mark 1 is a room-sized, relay-based calculator. The Alpha processor designs were eventually acquired by Compaq, which, along with Intel, phased out the Alpha architecture in favor of the HP/Itanium microprocessor. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? Gates and Allen started Microsoftoriginally called Micro-Soft, for microprocessors and. Survey of Operating Systems Chapter #1 Flashcards | Quizlet Thousands of software titles were released over the lifespan of the C64 and by the time it was discontinued in 1993, it had sold more than 22 million units. Until the year 2000, it was the world's fastest supercomputer, able to achieve peak performance of 1.3 teraflops, (about 1.3 trillion calculations per second). Physicist Stan Frankel, intrigued by small, general-purpose computers, developed the MINAC at Caltech. Throughout the 1960s and 70s, the ASR-33 was a popular and inexpensive choice of input and output device for minicomputers and many of the first generation of microcomputers. Astronauts communicated with the computer by punching two-digit codes into the display and keyboard unit (DSKY). This was the first program in history to run on a digital, electronic, stored-program computer. Later, Sun Microsystems, founded as a spin-off of a student project at Stanford University, also began selling Unix-based desktop workstations in 1982. A (n) _____ is a computer that controls access to the hardware and software on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information. This free, public set of lectures inspired the EDSAC, BINAC, and, later, IAS machine clones like the AVIDAC. Lenovo, China's largest manufacturer of PCs, purchased IBM's personal computer business in 2005, largely to gain access to IBM's ThinkPad line of computers and sales force. most important part of computer. It was originally created for a nuclear missile design project in 1949 by a team led by Fred Steele. System/360 is a major event in the history of computing. Chapter5.docx - CHAPTER 5 1. QUESTION 1 During the 1980s The machines system of connections and switches let processors broadcast information and requests for help to other processors in a simulation of brain-like associative recall. Total Cards. Quizlet ch3.pdf - 3/21/2021 Chapter 3: Computer Hardware Modeled after the Cambridge University EDSAC computer, the president of Lyons Tea Co. has the LEO built to solve the problem of production scheduling and delivery of cakes to the hundreds of Lyons tea shops around England. Working under Tom Kilburn at Englands Manchester University, Richard Grimsdale and Douglas Webb demonstrate a prototype transistorized computer, the "Manchester TC", on November 16, 1953. Altair 8800 Microcomputer | National Museum of American History PDF DOCUMENT RESUME - ed There is an inconsistency between states in the classification of ELL students. The 1101, designed by ERA but built by Remington-Rand, was intended for high-speed computing and stored 1 million bits on its magnetic drum, one of the earliest magnetic storage devices and a technology which ERA had done much to perfect in its own laboratories. A. CHAPTER 1 questions & answers for quizzes and worksheets - Quizizz At the 2006 World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) announces it will create a program to deliver technology and resources to targeted schools in the least developed countries. Subject. The micro has to have a real . Designed by Sunnyvale, California native Steve Wozniak, and marketed by his friend Steve Jobs, the Apple-1 is a single-board computer for hobbyists. This real-time information system began operating in the early 1960s. It used a MOS Technologies 6502 microprocessor running at 1 MHz. It is recognized by the 2006 Guinness Book of World Records as the greatest selling single computer of all time. The company was incorporated by three 26-year-old Stanford alumni: Bechtolsheim, Vinod Khosla and Scott McNealy. It was believed that ENIAC had done more calculation over the ten years it was in operation than all of humanity had until that time. The C64, as it is better known, sells for $595, comes with 64 KB of RAM and features impressive graphics. 1945: Memex Commodore releases the VIC-20 home computer as the successor to the Commodore PET personal computer. It performed 2 million instructions per second, but other RISC-based computers worked significantly faster. Daniel Hillis of Thinking Machines Corporation moves artificial intelligence a step forward when he develops the controversial concept of massive parallelism in the Connection Machine CM-1. True/False True The most controversial changes to Windows in Windows 8 were the GUI. Colossus reduced the time to break Lorenz messages from weeks to hours. The Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (SSEC) project, led by IBM engineer Wallace Eckert, uses both relays and vacuum tubes to process scientific data at the rate of 50 14 x 14 digit multiplications per second. Instead of designing a custom controller, two young engineers from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) -- Gordon Bell and Edson de Castro -- do something unusual: they develop a small, general purpose computer and program it to do the job. . It used $120 worth of electronics components, as outlined in the September 1973 issue of hobbyist magazine Radio Electronics. The Z3, an early computer built by German engineer Konrad Zuse working in complete isolation from developments elsewhere, uses 2,300 relays, performs floating point binary arithmetic, and has a 22-bit word length. That goes back thousands of years, of course, and you can guess how they did it. Free Flashcards about Chapter 1 OSystems - StudyStack 1951. The first digital computer that could operate in real-time came out of Project Whirlwind, a initiative during World War II in which MIT worked with the U.S. Navy to develop a universal flight simulator. MIS 3371 Management information systems - Chegg Apple Stores display of newly introduced Apple Watches. The original design included two memory boards and could generate and store 512 characters as 16 lines of 32 characters. The boss wants it to have a complex user interface with a time display, touch panel buttons and accurate timing for the toast cycle. The touchscreen enabled smartphone also had built-in GPS navigation, high-definition camera, texting, calendar, voice dictation, and weather reports. The J-Phone line would quickly expand, releasing a flip-phone version just a month later. The roots of the companys name came from the acronym for Stanford University Network (SUN). Based on ideas from Alan Turing, Britains Pilot ACE computer is constructed at the National Physical Laboratory. The Altair had no keyboard and could not be connected to a television screen. It was also one of the first computers to use all-diode logic, a technology more reliable than vacuum tubes.

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