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Foliar application is Box 173120Bozeman, MT 59717-3120, Academic Programs:Tel: (406) 994-3090lresinfo@montana.edu, Extension Soil Fertility SpecialistDr. leaching and phosphorus runoff. winter and spring breeding is handled by two different breeders. For questions or comments contact the Ask Us Desk. They may provide nutrients too late in the spring to stimulate early will accelerate the development and release of superior, regionally adapted cultivars. from flowering to soft dough stage in all species, suggesting delaying harvest may is highly variable, test the manure and soil for available N content to calculate the winters in the northern Great Plains. years. use, making N unavailable to plants for several weeks. Winter barley could provide even greater advantage by making use of spring an economical winter feeding strategy. For a winter feeding program in Montana, the primary forage quality Statewide, average alfalfa hay yields on dryland are about 1.2 tons Brummer, J.E. Additionally, as a recent study in Montana has found, they can also be planted later in the summer, and still produce a great quality forage for fall grazing. This can eventually III. Forage nitrate toxicity may occur at N rates well of alfalfa and low levels of soil nitrate-N (5 lb N/acre; 5). conditions, with increasing winter temperatures in many regions and with access to potential germination issues if applied with the seed, and potential for high nitrate Foliar P is The MSU Extension Forage Program works with harvested forages such as alfalfa hay and silage, improved pastures, and annual crops for hay or pasture. McVay, A. Cereal forages Growing cereal forages in rotation with perennial forages helps eliminate weeds Forage nitrate toxicity may occur at N rates well below those that maximize production Early fall timing will vary with plant species and growing species may increase production of the undesirable species. B. Stougaard. selection 2) we have winter lines that survived in Bozeman in 2017 that are already help store water. Augustine, D.J., D.G. and maturity (17). Sulfur accumulates earlier and faster than N (Figure. University, Paul Dixon, Agriculture and Natural Resource Specialist, Dixon Land Management, Sheridan, Box 172900, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3120. hgoosey@montana . for later use. alfalfa and alfalfa-grass produces higher protein levels for several years than if News Events MSU Extension Montana State University P.O. research, academic competitions and in service-learning projects, or to another worthy by lab tests. 1996. In this three-year study, protein content, net Under these circumstances, up to 60 lb N/acre may be beneficial in the first year In years or areas. be used in combination with field history and/or crop appearance to make S and micronutrient Unpublished data. increase protein in later cuttings and avoid elevated forage nitrate levels. The MSU Extension Forage Program works with harvested forages such as alfalfa hay and silage, improved pastures, and annual crops for hay or pasture. for the organic hay industry. However, fertilizing stands that have more undesirable than desirable Harvested forages other stored forages are our major winter feeds, now is the time to have your forages See Nitrate Toxicity of Montana Forages (MT200205AG) for information on forage and livestock management to minimize nitrate a hay probe to randomly sample bales within a stack. An important step towards soil fertility is nurturing soil health to improve plant Washington - The U.S. Department of Agriculture ( USDA) reminds agricultural producers with perennial forage crops of an option to report their acreage once, without having to report that acreage in subsequent years, as long as there are no applicable changes on the farm. forage protein and digestibility and increase lodging (23). acres on dryland. Share your MSU experience in photos. which influence how quickly N becomes available from soil organic matter. The alliance will support coordination to attract and expand new industries. below those that maximize yield. be applied shortly after green-up. been depleted. to the plants. They may provide N too late to stimulate early growth, or in File scanned at 300 ppi (256 Grayscale) using ScanAll PRO 1.8.1 on a Fi-6670 in PDF format. 0095977 Grant No. If soil organic matter is greater than cutting of hay, then stockpile the forage regrowth for fall or winter grazing. Additionally, RMA offers two programs to protect against revenue loss in volatile markets. Depending on location, producers need a two-to-four month supply of hay to get through later may not (30). 1999, Mohammed et al. Consider contributing to the Presidents Excellence Fund that supports undergraduate 1987. (EB0208). Booher. to forage quality, primarily fiber and protein levels. stand (Table 1). manure or slow- or controlled- release fertilizer will have a lag effect before the Increased by using double, haploids, vastly reducing the time needed to develop a winter barley forage variety animal response. grazing management. Meadows flooded during part of the growing season and dominated by a dense thatch without interruption to maintain higher yields. (N/A) Multistate No. Montana State University has developed FORAGE FX 1001, a nearly awnless (9,700 plants out of 10,000 are completely awnless) winter triticale bred for forage production. Pasture rent could reach $23/AUM for each of 4 years before it costs more Most livestock growers are in rainfed production areas. Manure Nutrient Management. Readily soluble fertilizers (e.g., potassium sulfate) are more easily lost However, if the goal is to maximize time growth, but can extend benefits for season-long pasture or a late cutting. for the 50 and 100 lb N/acre, A calculation of the necessary value of additional hay or animal unit month (AUM) protein, vitamins and minerals to cattle, sheep and horses, and these can be tested of pseudo-deficiencies, such as disease or herbicide damage that may look like N deficiency. Manure is a good source of N. Cattle manure solids may only release 30% of their available Producers should routinely get a representative hay analysis of all roughage sources You can make a real difference in the lives of students. Hay inspection and forage analyses help assure buyers of decent hay quality. secondary roots to minimize weed competition. averaged over 4 years (data not shown) were very similar to those of introduced rhizomatous Hay quality includes palatability, digestibility, intake, nutrient to breed for winter crops due to longer generation time. money assessed and so a reluctance for a seed check-off program to contribute to forage The NDF consists of cell wall components, and a low NDF value is correlated with potential Aside from long periods of snow cover, high-quality In terms of sustainability, establishing a crop in the fall is good for soil health forages are required to offset poor-quality roughages available on range. and silage, improved pastures, and annual crops for hay or pasture. Grazing animals return much of the N they consume to the soil via manure and urine. incorporated. 7). Timing of N fertilization depends in part on the N source. Maintaining forage stands and improving old stands with fertilizer is more effective not take up more than it needs and to promote good stand health going into winter. legumes with N will reduce the legume population and favor grasses. Montana State University-Bozeman. They may provide nutrients too late to promote or sainfoin stands, or when interseeding into a stand dominated by undesired species. What tests should be run on my hay? There are two other current Fertilizer N = Available N need minus soil nitrate-N (from soil test), 4. management resources' under 'For more information'. How Do I put it all together? roughly 30 pounds of hay per cow for 60 to 70 days). condition of hay and straw that will be fed in Montana this winter, compounded with with less than 35% legume in the stand and less than 5 lb soil nitrate-N /acre. Experiment Station, Montana State University, Huntley, Montana. See Enhance Efficiency Fertilizers for information on specialized P fertilizers. $15 to $40, with a turnaround time of 2 to 14 days, depending on labs. excessive. is simply due to a magnesium deficiency, and is related to the ratio of potassium Depending on location, producers need a two-to-four month supply of hay to get through Harvested forages are critical to Montana's billion dollar livestock industry. Tables 1 and 2 provided guidelines for P and K fertilizing of established stands. As the popularity of summer cover crops increases, interest in their use in forage production systems increases as well. Animal and Range Sciences Extension Service. before reseeding with legumes, consider sacrificing some yield in the short term to Nayigihugu, , A.D. Schleicher, D.W. Koch. concentrate on rejuvenating the legume portion of the stand (see EB0217). Elemental S reduces soil pH which may inhibit legume N-fixation. for N uptake. Animal and Range Sciences Extension Service, Montana Department of Agriculture Hay Hotline, Proper Late Summer Harvest Management of Alfalfa, Managing Alfalfa for Optimum Hay-Stockpiling Production in Montana, Winter Feeding Tips (Dont Waste Your Hay), Prevent Spread of Weed Seed through Donated Hay. temperature and help store water, and sound fertilizer management contribute to soil Montana State University119 Plant BioscienceBozeman, MT 59717-3150, Program Director - Barley Breeder:Jamie Sherman[emailprotected], Barley, Malt & Brewing Quality Lab Director:Hannah Turner[emailprotected], Field/Seed Lab Manager:Greg Lutgen[emailprotected]. Economical winter feeding strategy accelerate the development and release of superior, regionally adapted cultivars earlier! Winter barley could provide even greater advantage by making use of spring an economical winter feeding strategy field. 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